Which gastrointestinal condition is indicated by the Amsterdam criteria?

Lynch syndrome is indicated by the Amsterdam criteria, which are a set of clinical guidelines used to identify families at risk for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). The criteria focus on identifying patterns of cancer, particularly colorectal and endometrial cancers, among relatives, emphasizing the necessity of multiple affected family members across generations.

The Amsterdam criteria specifically state that there must be at least three relatives with colorectal cancer, one of whom is a first-degree relative of the other two, with one of the cancers diagnosed before the age of 50. This hereditary syndrome has important implications for cancer risk assessment and genetic testing, allowing individuals to take preventive measures or undergo increased surveillance for cancer development.

In contrast, the other syndromes listed do not have clinical guidelines that align with the Amsterdam criteria. Li Fraumeni syndrome is associated with a variety of tumors including sarcomas and breast cancer, Gardner's syndrome involves multiple adenomatous polyps and extracolonic manifestations like osteomas, and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is characterized by gastrointestinal hamartomas and an increased risk of various cancers but does not meet the specific familial criteria outlined in the Amsterdam criteria.