Which anatomical structures are located posterior to the caecum?

The psoas and iliacus muscles are indeed located posterior to the caecum. In the anatomical layout of the abdominal cavity, the caecum is positioned in the right lower quadrant, and it primarily lies anterior to the psoas and iliacus muscles, which are located more medially and posteriorly. These muscles play crucial roles in hip flexion and are significant landmarks in abdominal surgery and examination.

The other structures listed are either positioned differently relative to the caecum or do not interact closely within the same anatomical context. For example, the greater omentum is a fold of peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach and covers the intestines, making it anterior rather than posterior. The femoral artery and vein are located in the thigh, below the inguinal ligament, and do not have a direct relationship with the caecum. The superior mesenteric artery arises from the aorta and supplies the intestines, but it runs at a more superior position and is not directly behind the caecum.

Thus, understanding the relative anatomical positions of these structures reinforces the answer that the psoas and iliacus muscles are the correct choice as they sit directly posterior to the caecum in the context of