Which anatomical structures are located posterior to the caecum?

The psoas and iliacus muscles are correctly identified as being located posterior to the caecum. Anatomically, the caecum is positioned in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, and behind it lies the iliacus and psoas muscles, which form the floor of the abdominal cavity and are essential for hip flexion.

In contrast to option B, the greater omentum, while it does extend down from the stomach and can hang over the caecum, is more anterior in location relative to the caecum. The femoral artery and vein are situated in the thigh and pass beneath the inguinal ligament, making them irrelevant to the anatomy surrounding the caecum. The superior mesenteric artery, a major blood vessel supplying the intestines, typically runs anteriorly to the third part of the duodenum and has branches that envelop the bowel but does not anatomically lie posterior to the caecum.

Thus, the posterior positioning of the psoas and iliacus muscles relative to the caecum is what makes this choice the correct answer.