Where does the common peroneal nerve bifurcate?

The common peroneal nerve bifurcates at the neck of the fibula, where it divides into two main branches: the superficial peroneal nerve and the deep peroneal nerve. This anatomical landmark is significant because the neck of the fibula is a superficial location where the nerve can be palpated and is particularly vulnerable to injury due to its close proximity to the surface. Understanding this bifurcation site helps in assessing injuries and conditions affecting the lower limb, as each branch innervates different muscle groups and contributes to sensory innervation of the foot.

Other locations, such as the knee or ankle, do not coincide with the anatomical division of the nerve; the nerve does not normally separate until it reaches the neck of the fibula. Similarly, while the popliteal fossa is an important area for nerve assessment, the bifurcation itself occurs at the neck of the fibula, making this the correct answer regarding the anatomical course of the common peroneal nerve.