What physiological effect is associated with the administration of intravenous fluids monitored by CVP?

The administration of intravenous fluids and the monitoring of central venous pressure (CVP) are closely related to assessing the volume status of a patient and ensuring adequate filling of the right atrium. CVP provides an indirect measure of the pressure in the right atrium, which reflects the blood volume returning to the heart. This is particularly important in managing fluid therapy in critically ill patients, as maintaining an appropriate intravascular volume is crucial for effective circulation and organ perfusion.

When fluid is administered, an increase in CVP indicates improved venous return and right atrial filling, which can enhance cardiac output if the heart is functioning normally. Therefore, monitoring CVP helps in understanding the patient’s volume status and guides the appropriate infusion of fluids, helping to prevent complications associated with both under- and over-resuscitation.

The other options do not directly relate to the primary effect measured when monitoring CVP. Cardiac contractility is influenced by various factors, including preload, but CVP itself does not provide direct insights into the contractile strength of the heart. Peripheral resistance is more related to vascular tone rather than fluid status, and coronary artery dilation does not directly result from IV fluid administration in a way that would be assessed through CVP monitoring.