What is the standard surgical treatment for right colon cancer?

The standard surgical treatment for right colon cancer involves a right hemicolectomy. This procedure entails the removal of the right portion of the colon, which includes the cecum, ascending colon, and a portion of the transverse colon. Following this resection, an ileo-colic anastomosis is typically performed, where the ileum (the last section of the small intestine) is connected to the remaining part of the colon.

This approach is appropriate because it effectively removes the tumor along with some surrounding healthy tissue to ensure clear margins, which is critical in oncological surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence. The ileo-colic anastomosis allows for normal bowel continuity and function post-surgery, usually leading to favorable postoperative outcomes.

The other surgical options listed are not the standard treatment for right colon cancer. Full colectomies are generally reserved for cases where cancer is extensive throughout the colon, while transverse colectomy and sigmoid resection pertain to different segments of colon cancer and may not address right-sided malignancies specifically. Therefore, right hemicolectomy with ileo-colic anastomosis is the established standard of care for localized right colon cancer.