What is the primary surgical procedure for treating gastric tumors extending into the esophagus?

The primary surgical procedure for treating gastric tumors that extend into the esophagus is oesophagogastrectomy. This operation involves the surgical removal of both the affected portions of the stomach and esophagus, allowing for the resection of the tumor and any surrounding tissue that may be affected.

Oesophagogastrectomy is particularly indicated for tumors that have significant invasion into the esophageal tissue, as it enables comprehensive access to ensure complete tumor removal while addressing both the esophageal and gastric components involved in the disease. This resection can often include the reconstruction of the gastrointestinal tract to restore continuity after the removal of the affected areas.

Other procedures, such as endoscopic submucosal resection, are typically used for less invasive lesions and are not suitable for tumors that have extended into the esophagus. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is unrelated, as it is a procedure for gallbladder removal, not appropriate for gastric or esophageal tumors. Transhiatal esophagectomy is a variant of esophagectomy that can be used for distal esophageal cancers but would not be preferred for gastric tumors with esophageal invasion. Therefore, oesophagogastrectomy is the most appropriate surgical approach in this context.