What is the most suitable incision for the excision of the submandibular gland?

The most suitable incision for the excision of the submandibular gland is the transverse incision made approximately 4 cm below the mandible. This approach allows for adequate exposure of the gland while minimizing trauma to surrounding structures. The incision is placed in a natural skin fold, which helps in achieving a cosmetically favorable outcome post-surgery.

The transverse placement helps to reduce the risk of injury to the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve, which is crucial for preserving lower lip function. Additionally, this incision provides sufficient access to the submandibular gland and its associated anatomy, allowing for thorough dissection and appropriate removal of the gland.

This method is preferred because it balances accessibility with the aesthetic considerations of the patient's neck region. Other incision types may not offer the same level of exposure or could lead to complications, such as nerve damage or unsightly scarring. Thus, the transverse incision is widely accepted as the optimal choice in submandibular gland excisions.