What is a common symptom of SOF syndrome related to vision?

A common symptom of SOF syndrome, which involves the sphenoid bone and can affect the structures around the eye, is the presence of a dilated pupil and loss of accommodation. This occurs due to the involvement of the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III), which innervates the pupillary sphincter and the ciliary muscles responsible for lens accommodation. When the nerve is compromised, it can lead to unopposed action of the dilator muscles, resulting in a dilated pupil. Additionally, the loss of accommodation is due to the failure of the ciliary muscle to function properly, which impairs the eye's ability to focus on near objects.

Reduced visual acuity, hemianopia, and photophobia may occur in various ocular conditions but are not specifically characteristic of SOF syndrome. Reduced visual acuity can be attributed to several underlying issues, including refractive errors or retinal diseases, while hemianopia typically results from damage to the visual pathways in the brain, not directly related to SOF syndrome. Photophobia often arises from conditions that irritate the eye or affect its surface and is less specifically associated with the nerve dysfunction seen in this syndrome. The combination of a dilated pupil and loss of accommodation is, therefore