What condition is indicated by apple green birefringence?

Apple green birefringence is a characteristic histological finding that occurs when amyloid deposits are stained with Congo red dye and viewed under polarized light. In amyloidosis, misfolded proteins aggregate to form amyloid fibrils that can deposit in various tissues and organs, leading to dysfunction. The distinctive apple green birefringence observed under polarized light is a key diagnostic feature that helps differentiate amyloidosis from other conditions.

In contrast, other conditions listed do not exhibit this specific histological hallmark. For example, while diabetes mellitus can lead to various complications, it does not show the unique birefringent properties associated with amyloid. Cirrhosis of the liver, generally a consequence of chronic liver diseases, is related to fibrosis and does not have this specific staining characteristic. Cardiomyopathy refers to diseases of the heart muscle and also does not exhibit apple green birefringence.

Thus, the presence of apple green birefringence is a definitive indicator of amyloidosis, making this the correct answer.