What are the main branches of the coeliac trunk?

The correct choice identifies the main branches of the coeliac trunk as the left gastric, hepatic, and splenic arteries. The coeliac trunk is a major arterial structure that arises from the abdominal aorta and supplies blood to the foregut, which includes the stomach, liver, pancreas, and spleen.

The left gastric artery branches off the coeliac trunk and supplies the lesser curvature of the stomach, while the hepatic artery provides oxygenated blood to the liver and also gives rise to the cystic artery that supplies the gallbladder. The splenic artery, another branch of the coeliac trunk, supplies blood to the spleen and also gives off small branches to the stomach and pancreas.

Understanding the anatomy and function of these branches is essential for surgical practice, especially in operations involving the abdomen, as they are critical for blood supply to important digestive organs. The other options represent different vascular structures and do not pertain to the branches of the coeliac trunk, which underscores the importance of this correct choice in understanding the vascular supply in the abdominal region.