Males with cryptorchidism are at increased risk for which type of cancer?

Males with cryptorchidism exhibit an increased risk for developing testicular cancer, specifically seminoma. This association stems from the abnormal positioning of the testis, which can lead to alterations in the normal developmental processes of the germ cells.

Seminoma, a type of germ cell tumor, is particularly linked to the history of undescended testicles and is one of the most common types of testicular cancer seen in patients with cryptorchidism. The underlying mechanisms may involve exposure to a higher temperature in the abdominal cavity when the testis has not descended properly, leading to changes at the cellular level that may predispose cells to become malignant.

While Sertoli cell tumors, embryonal carcinoma, and teratomas can occur in relation to cryptorchidism, the most recognized and documented risk among these options, specifically linked with undescended testes, is seminoma. It is important for practitioners to be aware of this increased risk so that they can encourage appropriate monitoring and interventions in affected patients.